Introduction to Computer World

     Introduction to Computer World

Definition of computer: Computer is an electronic machine that can perform specific task given the user. The computer is a very important and useful device in almost all fields. Computer needs electricity to work therefore it is called electronic device. The computer is very faster than human and it gives very correct result than human.

computers have different parts. Some important parts are described by following block diagram.

                                                                      

User's information is given from input devices and that information or data goes to processing devices. After receiving the information from input devices, processing devices process on that data and information and give result from output devices or store result in memory devices.

Data: Data is collection of facts which keeps the information. The facts which are used in computer system are data. The computer works according to data given by the user. Eg:-name of students, Number of passed student in WRC etc.

Information:- Information is representation of fact, in case of computer, computer takes information from input device, processing on information, gives information after processing. Every alphabet, number, sound, Visual information are information.

Program:- Collection of sequential instructions to solve the problem is called program, the program is design according to users requirement, the size and capacity is also depends on users requirement. Program itself is a data and it also uses data for operation.

Hardware:- The physical parts of computer which can be touch and fill is called hardware. Physically, all operations are performed by hardware of computer. CPU, mouse, keyboard, monitor, hard disk, Speaker, RAM, CD-ROM, etc are the examples of hardware. Hardware needs electricity to work. Every information is represented by electric pulse in computer hardware. Every  information is transmitted by cable from one hardware to another in the form of electric pulse. Hardware is associated with storage and use of software such as different characters in screen, storing data and program, perform processing task, print the processed data and result etc. the hardware is based on program return in it.

Software:- As we know the computer can work based on instruction, that series of instruction given or used in computer is known as program. The program of computer which cannot be touch is called software. Software is collection of small program. For example, Windows operation system, ms-word, ms-excel, ms-paint etc. without software the computer cannot work. The software is actually data, but it needs in computer to perform the task. There are mainly three types of software.

Types of software

1. System Software:- This is large software which is design for performing task, such as controlling computer system, to help to interfacing with user and computer etc. it is very basic and important program of computer system. Without this type of software the computer cannot operate. This type of software mainly control and manage overall computer system and it translate the language from user language to computer and vice versa. Operating system like windows, Linux, ms-dos and language processors like complier etc.

2    2. Utility software:- it is supporting software used to perform some frequently required process in the operation of computer system. It facilities to perform such as data transfer operation, search, recovery of data, disk management, remove computer virus etc. this type of software is mainly used to repair the computer system and used to perform computer related operation, For example, computer antivirus like Norton antivirus (NAV), NOD32, etc, disk fragmentation software etc.

     3. Application software:- application program does specific jobs for the user such as solving equations, producing bills, resulting processing educational fields, data processing of accounts etc which are made according to the requirement of user and company. The software which is used for special applications or specially to solve the specific problem. This type of software is design by using system software. For example- ms-word, ms-paint, ms-excel, Photoshop, software for school, software for hotel etc.